讲座预告

时间：2025年10月28日16:20

地点：行知楼210

1.Utilization Pathways for Biochar Produced from Biogas Digestate(30 min)

厌氧发酵沼渣制备的生物炭的应用

Biochar is a porous carbonaceous material, produced by the thermochemical conversion of biomass in oxygen-limited environments. It can be produced from various biomass feedstocks such as wood and various biogenious wastes such as agricultural residues, sewage sludge or digestate from anaerobic digestion processes. The most common used thermochemical conversion processes for biochar production are pyrolysis, torrefaction, gasification and hydrothermal carbonization. Important quality parameter for biochar are its carbon content, the pore structure and the pore size distribution of the biochar and the surface area, which ranges from 100 m²/g to larger than 1000 m²/g depending on the used production process and the process parameter used. Biochar can be used for a wide variety of applications, mainly because of its versatile physicochemical properties. Beside soil amendment for agricultural soils to increase soil fertility and crop productivity biochar can be used in medicine and human health applications, in environmental fields as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment and water purification, the use activated carbon for absorption of heavy metals and various gaseous pollutants e.g. in flue gas cleaning systems or for biogas purification. Further possible application are coke replacement in metallurgical processes, the use as construction material itself or as an anaerobic digestion promotor.

生物炭是一种多孔碳质材料，通过在缺氧环境中对生物质进行热化学转化制得。其原料可涵盖各类生物质，如木材及各类生物源废弃物，包括农作物残余物、污水污泥或厌氧消化过程产生的消化残渣。生产生物炭最常用的热化学转化工艺包括热解、烘焙、气化和水热炭化。生物炭的关键质量参数包括碳含量、孔隙结构、孔径分布及比表面积——其比表面积范围从100 m²/g到超过1000 m²/g不等，具体取决于生产工艺及工艺参数。生物炭因其多样的物理化学特性而具有广泛应用前景。除作为农业土壤改良剂提升肥力与作物产量外，还可应用于医疗健康领域、环境领域（作为废水处理与水净化吸附剂），作为活性炭吸附重金属及各类气体污染物（如烟气净化系统或沼气净化）。其他潜在应用包括冶金工艺中的焦炭替代品、建筑材料本身、以及厌氧消化促进剂。

2.Agricultural Residues – a promising source for bioenergy production(30 min)

农业废弃物——生产生物能源的理想原料

Technologies to produce electricity from biomass through combustion are state of the art. Many applications with different power generation principles (steam turbine, steam screw type engines, ORC turbines etc.) are available, highly developed and reached readiness for marketing. Caused by the logistic frame conditions of biomass production, storage and transportation as well as the possibility to use the thermal energy for community heating, decentralized power plants are the most economically solutions. Similar statuses have the bio-chemical conversion technologies (e.g. biogas technologies) or the physical-chemical conversion technologies like the production of plant oils and the power generation of the liquid/gaseous fuels in internal combustion engines. Especially agricultural residues are of great importance and are offering an enormous potential for bioenergy production. Associated with the growth of the worldwide population and improved living large amounts of agricultural wastes are produced every year worldwide. Improper management of such wastes are becoming an increasing problem as uncontrolled (e.g. open field) burning to clear the lands for the next sowing emits various pollutants and/or rotten biomass waste emits GHG such as methane. The lecture will focus on suitable technologies to use dry agro-residues via thermochemical conversion pathways.

通过燃烧生物质发电的技术已达到最先进水平。许多采用不同发电原理的应用（蒸汽涡轮机、蒸汽螺旋式发动机、ORC涡轮机等）已高度成熟，并具备市场化条件。由于生物质生产、储存和运输的物流框架条件，以及利用热能进行社区供暖的可能性，分散式发电厂是最具经济性的解决方案。生物化学转化技术（如沼气技术）与物理化学转化技术（如植物油生产及内燃机液态/气态燃料发电）处于类似发展阶段。农业废弃物尤具重要价值，为生物能源生产提供巨大潜力。随着全球人口增长和生活水平提升，每年产生大量农业废弃物。不当管理正日益成为问题——例如为清理耕地进行的露天焚烧会排放多种污染物，腐烂的生物质废弃物则会释放甲烷等温室气体。本次讲座将重点探讨通过热化学转化途径利用干燥农业废弃物的适用技术。

Mirko Barz个人简介

Mirko Barz，柏林工程应用技术大学（Hochshule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin）教授，博士研究生导师，环境技术与可再生能源专业，研究方向为生物质能源化利用、热化学和生物化学能源转换工艺，曾在中国科学院过程工程研究所工作1年。主持项目16项，包括多项德国政府科研项目和在哥斯达黎加、泰国、中国等地开展的国际合作生物质能源化应用项目。出版论文和专著77项。

个人网页：https://www.htw-berlin.de/hochschule/personen/person/?eid=4542